Minimized Energy, Water and Transport Utilization in Urban areas: - A cage study of Musashino city, Tokyo Japan-

This paper presents the possibilities of minimizing the energy and water demand in urban areas by introducing technical changes, such as more efficient technology and local supply systems. In order to examine the effects of solutions, Musashino city, Olleof the cities in Tokyo, Japan, is used as a cage study. Urban cities, in which most of human societies exist, have developed drastically during 20th century with unexpected environmental degradation. In order to realize the sustainable future, environmental impacts of human activities in urban cities should be reduced as soon as possible, such as excess energy and water. Musashino city, Olleof the districts consisting of Tokyo, has 130,000 of population and a well-organized town planning. Main energy carriers used in Musashino city are electricity and city gas. The ways of reducing the demand for both energy carriers are three: to introduce efficient appliances, to install the equipments that can lise solar energy, and to extract energy from waste. Energy extraction plants discussed in this study are bioreactors and incineration. Bioreactors produce methane gas that can be mixed with city gas, while waste incineration generates electricity. Whereas, the critical means to reduce the demand for water is using efficient appliances and recycling rainfalls locally. As a consequence of introducing all the feasible solutions, possible reduction rate are calculated: 55 percent in city gas, 35 percent in electricity and 70 percent in water. The most effective scenarios for each supply from outside Musashino city are utilizing solar energy for city gas, introducing efficient appliances for electricity and water In addition, bioreactors may make more gains for Musashino city than incineration plants, since they need less spaces and construction activities to reconstruct the existing infrastructure. In order to implement these technical solutions, it is necessary to set up policy measures as supplementary means. Chapter 1: Introduction